The singular “they”; and, anthropos in Matt. 13:44.

BY: Henry Matthew Alt • August 1, 2018 • English Grammar; Exegesis

William Shake­speare, homo­sex­u­al­ist
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weird dis­cus­sion broke out on Face­book today, as they have a way of doing. It was in a friends-only post; so I won’t reveal names, or too many details. It involved a priest’s change to the read­ing of Matt. 13:44. The NAB trans­la­tion reads: “The king­dom of heav­en is like a trea­sure buried in a field, which a per­son finds and hides again, and out of joy goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.”

The priest seems to have changed “sells all that he has” to “sells all that they have.” That was it, but that was enough for some to com­plain about “pro­gres­sives” and “lib­er­al fem­i­nism” con­spir­ing against our pro­nouns. Noth­ing’s safe any­more, I tell you.

Anoth­er said: “It’s the work of a homo­sex­u­al with an agen­da to change how we see our­selves and God.” (And we know the priest’s sex­u­al ori­en­ta­tion and inten­tions … how?)

Still one more decried the “rot­ten­ness”; the Greek anthro­pos, this per­son said, should not be trans­lat­ed “per­son.” Anthro­pos means “man in the gen­er­al sense.” (Actu­al­ly, I think “per­son” does mean “man in the gen­er­al sense,” but nev­er mind.)

Now, let’s set aside the ques­tion of whether a priest ought to change the word­ing of the Gospel read­ing. If the dis­cus­sion on Face­book had start­ed and end­ed there, it would have been well enough. I’m more inter­est­ed in the melt­down over the sin­gu­lar “they” and the trans­la­tion of anthro­pos as “per­son.”

To begin with, the sin­gu­lar “they” pre­dates the cul­ture wars by a few hun­dred years. It has nothing—repeat with me, dear read­er: nothing—to do with “lib­er­al fem­i­nism” or some “homo­sex­u­al­ist” agen­da to con­fuse peo­ple about gen­der iden­ti­ty. The sin­gu­lar “they” dates back to—mark this, now—the four­teenth cen­tu­ry. That’s right: the 1300s. Well before the cul­ture went to war. Check out the exam­ples in this arti­cle.

It’s in Wyclif­fe’s Bible (1382): “Eche on in þer craft ys wijs.” (Each one is wise in their craft.)

Chaucer (ca. 1400) uses it in the Par­don­er’s Pro­logue: And whoso fyn­deth hym out of swich blame, They wol come up.”

Cax­ton (ca. 1489), the first Eng­lish print­er, uses it. “Eche of theym sholde … make theym­selfe redy.”

John Ruskin uses it in 1857: “When per­spec­tive was first dis­cov­ered, every body amused them­selves with it.”

The King James Bible (1611) uses it in many places, includ­ing 2 Kings 14:12: “And Judah was put to the worse before Israel, and they fled every man to their tents.”

Lord Chester­field (1759) uses it in a let­ter to his son, as quot­ed by Fowler: “If a per­son is born of a gloomy tem­per, they can­not help it.”

Jane Austen (1814) uses it in Mans­field Park: “Had the Doc­tor been con­tent­ed to take my din­ing tables as any body in their sens­es would have done.”

Shake­speare uses it: “There’s not a man I meet but doth salute me / As if I were their well-acquaint­ed friend. (Com­e­dy of Errors IV.iii.1–2)

Was Shake­speare try­ing to pro­mote a homo­sex­u­al­ist agen­da? Well, there’s a lot of cross-dress­ing in his plays, so maybe. Shake­speare is icky and dan­ger­ous.

But the sin­gu­lar “they” was known cen­turies ago; and that explains why, as ear­ly as the eigh­teenth cen­tu­ry, gram­mar­i­ans began to argue against it. Think what you will about the sin­gu­lar “they,” but do not attribute the usage to the bane­ful influ­ence of fem­i­nism or gen­der pol­i­tics. The long, long lit­er­ary record of its use is against you.

Strong’s and Thayer’s on Anthropos

The notion that the Greek anthro­pos means “man” specif­i­cal­ly, and noth­ing else, is even odd­er, if it be pos­si­ble. “The trans­la­tion [as per­son] is dri­ven by an agen­da!” one per­son cried. It’s a “delib­erte dis­tor­tion.”

Real­ly? Then Strong’s has an agen­da and delib­er­ate­ly dis­torts the truth, which some ran­dom per­son on Face­book has a bet­ter grasp of. Accord­ing to that valu­able source—I mean Strong’s, not the Face­book per­son—anthro­pos means: “man, also the gener­ic term for “mankind”; the human race; peo­ple, includ­ing women and men.

Strong’s quotes Wuest:

There are two words in Greek which mean ‘man,’ anēr, which refers to a male indi­vid­ual of the human race, and anthrō­pos, which is the racial, gener­ic term, and which has the gen­er­al idea of ‘mankind.’ ”

And Thay­er’s Greek Lex­i­con, from the nine­teenth cen­tu­ry, has this to say of anthro­pos: “[U]niversally, with ref­er­ence to the genus or nature, with­out dis­tinc­tion of sex, a human being, whether male or female.”

Just an agen­da? I doubt it.

A lit­tle Google will cure us of a lot of our weird con­spir­a­cy the­o­ries. If you’re going to com­plain about lib­er­al fem­i­nism or the “homo­sex­u­al­ist” agen­da, at least try to get some basic facts right first. If you’re going to com­plain about priests chang­ing the words of the Gospel read­ing, don’t veer off into some­thing else that’s just plain weird.

 


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